Shabbat 95A

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Text Excerpt

כוחלת ⁠— משום צובעת, גודלת ופוקסת ⁠— משום בונה. וכי דרך בנין בכך? אין, כדדרש רבי שמעון בן מנסיא: ״ויבן ה׳ אלהים את הצלע״, מלמד שקילעה הקדוש ברוך הוא לחוה והביאה אצל אדם ⁠— שכן בכרכי הים קורין לקלעיתא ״בניתא״. תניא, רבי שמעון בן אלעזר אומר: גודלת כוחלת ופוקסת, לעצמה ⁠— פטורה, לחברתה ⁠— חייבת. וכן היה רבי שמעון בן אלעזר אומר משום רבי אליעזר: אשה לא תעביר סרק על פניה מפני שצובעת.

A woman who applies kohl is liable due to dyeing; one who braids her hair and applies blush is liable due to the prohibition against building. The Talmud asks about this: And is that the typical manner of building? The Talmud answers: Yes, braiding one’s hair is considered building, as R' Shimon ben Menasya taught that the verse states: “And YHWH God built the side that He took from Adam into a woman” (Genesis 2:22), which teaches that God braided Eve’s hair and brought her to Adam. From where is it derived that this is the meaning of built? It is because in the islands of the sea they call braiding building. It was taught in a baraita that R' Shimon ben Elazar says: With regard to a woman who braids her hair and who applies kohl or blush on Shabbat, if she did it for herself, she is exempt; if she did it for another, she is liable. This is because a woman cannot perform these actions for herself in as complete a fashion as she can for someone else. And, so too, R' Shimon ben Elazar would say in the name of R' Eliezer: A woman may not apply rouge to her face on Shabbat because by doing so she is dyeing, which is one of the prohibited labors on Shabbat.

תנו רבנן: החולב והמחבץ והמגבן ⁠— כגרוגרת. המכבד, והמרבץ, והרודה חלות דבש, שגג בשבת ⁠— חייב חטאת, הזיד ביום טוב ⁠— לוקה ארבעים, דברי רבי אליעזר. וחכמים אומרים: אחד זה ואחד זה אינו אלא משום שבות.

A baraita states: One who milks an animal, and one who sets milk to curdle, and one who makes cheese, in the measure of a dried fig-bulk, and one who sweeps the house, and one who sprinkles water on the floor, and one who removes honeycombs, if he did so unwittingly on Shabbat, he is liable to bring a sin-offering. If he did so intentionally on a Festival, he receives 40 lashes; this is the statement of R' Eliezer. And the Rabbis say: Both this, on Shabbat and that, on a Festival, these actions are only prohibited due to a rabbinic decree, not by Torah law. Therefore, one is neither liable to bring a sin-offering nor to receive lashes for performing those actions.

Text data via Sefaria: William Davidson Edition - English and William Davidson Edition - Vocalized Aramaic, CC-BY-NC; edition provenance: Koren. Display terminology has been modernized for readability.