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Text Excerpt
הכי קאמר: איזהו עני רשע ערום? זה המשהא בתו בוגרת. ואמר רב כהנא משום רבי עקיבא: הוי זהיר מן היועצך לפי דרכו.
This is what Rav Kahana is saying: Who is a pauper who, due to his poverty, becomes a conniving, wicked person? This is one who delays the marriage of his daughter who is a grown woman. And Rav Kahana says in the name of R' Akiva: Beware of one who advises you according to his own interests, as he is likely motivated by personal gain.
אמר רב יהודה אמר רב: המשיא את בתו לזקן, והמשיא אשה לבנו קטן, והמחזיר אבידה לנכרי – עליו הכתוב אומר: ״למען ספות הרוה את הצמאה. לא יאבה ה׳ סלח לו״.
Rav Yehuda says that Rav says: One who marries his daughter to an old man, and one who takes a wife for his minor son, and one who returns a lost item to a non-Jew are all individuals who are the cause of sin. Marriage to an old man or a minor leaves the woman unsatisfied and is apt to lead to licentiousness. One who returns lost property to non-Jews adds to the property that they stole from Jews. With regard to each of them the verse states: “Lest there should be among you a man or a woman…whose heart turns away this day from YHWH…saying: I will have peace, even though I walk in the stubbornness of my heart, that the quenched should be added to the thirsty. YHWH will not be willing to pardon him” (Deuteronomy 29:17-19).
מיתיבי: האוהב את אשתו כגופו, והמכבדה יותר מגופו, והמדריך בניו ובנותיו בדרך ישרה, והמשיאן סמוך לפירקן – עליו הכתוב אומר: ״וידעת כי שלום אהלך ופקדת נוך ולא תחטא״. סמוך לפירקן – שאני.
The Talmud raises an objection to one element of the ruling of Rav from a baraita: One who loves his wife as he loves himself, and who esteems her by giving her clothing and jewelry more than he esteems himself, and one who instructs his sons and daughters to follow an upright path, and who marries them to appropriate spouses adjacent to their reaching puberty, ensures that his home will be devoid of quarrel and sin. Concerning him the verse states: “And you should know that your tent is in peace; and you should visit your habitation and should miss nothing” (Job 5:24). The baraita indicates that it is a mitzva to marry one’s children to appropriate spouses while they are young, contrary to the statement of Rav that one who takes a wife for his minor son causes sin. The Talmud replies: Adjacent to their reaching puberty is different from marrying her to a minor, as there is no concern that his daughter will sin during the brief period until her husband reaches puberty.