Ketubot 17A

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Text Excerpt

כלה כמות שהיא. ובית הלל אומרים: ״כלה נאה וחסודה״. אמרו להן בית שמאי לבית הלל: הרי שהיתה חיגרת או סומא, אומרים לה: ״כלה נאה וחסודה״? והתורה אמרה: ״מדבר שקר תרחק״! אמרו להם בית הלל לבית שמאי: לדבריכם, מי שלקח מקח רע מן השוק, ישבחנו בעיניו, או יגננו בעיניו? הוי אומר: ישבחנו בעיניו. מכאן אמרו חכמים: לעולם תהא דעתו של אדם מעורבת עם הבריות.

One recites praise of the bride as she is, emphasizing her good qualities. And Beit Hillel say: One recites: A fair and attractive bride. Beit Shammai said to Beit Hillel: In a case where the bride was lame or blind, does one say with regard to her: A fair and attractive bride? But the Torah states: “Keep you from a false matter” (Exodus 23:7). Beit Hillel said to Beit Shammai: According to your statement, with regard to one who acquired an inferior acquisition from the market, should another praise it and enhance its value in his eyes or condemn it and diminish its value in his eyes? You must say that he should praise it and enhance its value in his eyes and refrain from causing him anguish. From here the rabbis said: A person’s disposition should always be empathetic with mankind, and treat everyone courteously. In this case too, once the groom has married his bride, one praises her as being fair and attractive.

כי אתא רב דימי, אמר: הכי משרו קמי כלתא במערבא: ״לא כחל ולא שרק ולא פירכוס ויעלת חן״. כי סמכו רבנן לרבי זירא, שרו ליה הכי: ״לא כחל ולא שרק ולא פירכוס ויעלת חן״.

When Rav Dimi came from Eretz Yisrael to Babylonia, he said: This is what they sing before brides in the West, in Eretz Yisrael: No kohl, and no rouge, and no braiding of the hair, and yet she is comparable to a graceful ibex. The Talmud relates: When the rabbis ordained R' Zeira, this is what they metaphorically sang with regard to him in his praise: No kohl, and no rouge, and no braiding of the hair, and yet she is comparable to a graceful ibex.

Text data via Sefaria: William Davidson Edition - English and William Davidson Edition - Vocalized Aramaic, CC-BY-NC; edition provenance: Koren. Display terminology has been modernized for readability.