Berakhot 38A

כעבין ⁠— חייבין, כלמודין ⁠— פטורים. אמר ליה אביי לרב יוסף: האי כובא דארעא מאי מברכין עלויה? אמר ליה: מי סברת נהמא הוא?! גובלא בעלמא הוא ומברכין עלויה ״בורא מיני מזונות״.

thick [ke’avin], so that they appear like loaves of bread, they are obligated in ḥalla, and if he shaped them like boards [kelimmudin], they are exempt, since they will certainly only be used for kutaḥ. Abaye said to Rav Yosef: What blessing is recited over the dough of the ground? Rav Yosef said to him: Do you think that it is bread? It is merely kneaded dough, and just like over all other cooked grains, one recites over it the blessing: Who creates the various kinds of nourishment.

מר זוטרא קבע סעודתיה עלויה, וברך עלויה ״המוציא לחם מן הארץ״, ושלש ברכות.

Mar Zutra based his meal on this dough, and he recited: Who brings forth bread from the earth, beforehand and the 3 blessings of Grace after Meals after that. Since he based his meal on it, he considered it to be bread.

אמר מר בר רב אשי: ואדם יוצא בהן ידי חובתו בפסח, מאי טעמא ⁠— ״לחם עוני״ קרינן ביה.

Mar bar Rav Ashi said: With these types of bread, a person fulfills his obligation to eat matza on Passover. What is the reason? Because we call it bread of affliction, and in that sense, it is in the category of matza.

ואמר מר בר רב אשי: האי דובשא דתמרי מברכין עלויה ״שהכל נהיה בדברו״. מאי טעמא? זיעה בעלמא הוא.

And with regard to blessings, Mar bar Rav Ashi said: Over this date honey one recites: By Whose word all things came to be. What is the reason that one does not recite: Who creates fruit of the tree, as he does over the date itself? Because date honey is not the essence of the fruit, but merely moisture that drips from the ripe fruit.

כמאן? כי האי תנא דתנן דבש תמרים, ויין תפוחים, וחומץ ספוניות, ושאר מי פירות של תרומה ⁠— רבי אליעזר מחייב קרן וחומש, ורבי יהושע פוטר.

In accordance with whose opinion does he recite that blessing? In accordance with the opinion of this tanna, as we learned in a Mishnah: If a non-priest ate date honey, apple wine or vinegar made from grapes of autumn that grow stunted at the end of the season and are unfit for wine production, or any other type of juice made from fruits of teruma, R' Eliezer obligates him to repay the principal and an additional fifth as a penalty for misuse of consecrated items. And R' Yehoshua exempts him from payment, because he holds that these are byproducts of the fruit and do not have the status of the fruit itself. Mar bar Rav Ashi’s ruling with regard to blessings was based on R' Yehoshua’s ruling with regard to teruma.