Study Zevachim folio 100A with parallel Hebrew-English text, traditional commentary, and modern study tools. Free access to Babylonian Talmud online.
Text Excerpt
לא קשיא; כאן שמת לו מת בארבעה עשר וקברו בארבעה עשר, כאן שמת לו מת בשלשה עשר וקברו בארבעה עשר.
It is not difficult. Here, in the baraita where R' Shimon holds an acute mourner may not send a Paschal offering, since acute mourning at night is by Torah law, it is referring to a case where his relative died on the 14th day of Nisan and he buried him on the 14th itself. There, the ruling in the Mishnah in tractate Pesaḥim, which teaches that an acute mourner immerses and partakes of the Paschal offering in the evening, since acute mourning at night is by rabbinic law, is referring to a case where his relative died on the 13th day of Nisan and he buried him on the 14th of Nisan.
מת לו מת בארבעה עשר וקברו בארבעה עשר – יום מיתה תופס לילו מדאורייתא. מת לו מת בשלשה עשר וקברו בארבעה עשר – יום קבורה מדרבנן, אינו תופס לילו אלא מדרבנן.
Rav Mari explains: In a case where his relative died on the 14th day of Nisan and he buried him on the 14th itself, his acute mourning is due to the day of death and is therefore by Torah law. Consequently, it takes hold of its following night by Torah law, and the mitzva of the Paschal offering does not override it. By contrast, in a case where his relative died on the 13th day of Nisan and he buried him on the 14th of Nisan, the 14th is only the day of burial, and his acute mourning is therefore by rabbinic law. Consequently, it takes hold of its following night only by rabbinic law, and the mitzva of the Paschal offering overrides it.
אמר ליה רב אשי לרב מרי: ואלא הא דקתני, אמר לו רבי שמעון: תדע, שהרי אמרו: אונן טובל ואוכל את פסחו אבל לא בקדשים; נימא ליה: קאמינא לך אנא יום מיתה דאורייתא, ואמרת לי את יום קבורה דרבנן?! קשיא.
Rav Ashi said to Rav Mari: But if so, it is difficult to understand that which the baraita teaches: R' Shimon said to R' Yehuda: Know that this so, as the rabbis said: An acute mourner immerses on the 14th of Nisan and partakes of his Paschal offering in the evening, but he may not partake of other sacrificial meat. According to your explanation of this statement, let R' Yehuda say to R' Shimon that this is no proof: I am telling you a halakha about the day of death, when acute mourning is by Torah law, and you tell me that you have a proof from a Mishnah that deals with the day of burial, when acute mourning is by rabbinic law. The Talmud concludes: This indeed poses a difficulty for Rav Mari.