Yoma 44A

יכול אפילו בעזרה ⁠— תלמוד לומר: ״באהל מועד״. אין לי אלא באהל מועד שבמדבר, שילה ובית עולמים מנין? תלמוד לומר: ״בקודש״.

I might have thought nobody should be present, even in the Temple courtyard. Therefore, the verse states “in the Tent of Meeting,” limiting the prohibition to the Temple itself. I have derived only that a prohibition exists in the Tent of Meeting of the Tabernacle that was in the desert, from where do I derive that the prohibition applies also to the Tabernacle that stood in Shiloh, and that it applies also to God House, i.e., the Temple in Jerusalem? The verse states “in the Sanctuary,” indicating that the prohibition applies to any Sanctuary.

אין לי אלא בשעת הקטרה, בשעת מתן דמים מנין? תלמוד לומר: ״בבואו לכפר״. אין לי אלא בכניסתו, ביציאתו מנין? תלמוד לומר: ״עד צאתו״.

I have derived only that a prohibition exists during the burning of the incense; from where do I derive that the prohibition applies also during the presentations of the bull’s blood in the Holy of Holies? The verse states: “When he goes in to make atonement,” and atonement is achieved through the presentations of blood. I have derived only that a prohibition exists from the time of his entrance into the Holy of Holies; from where is it derived that the prohibition remains in force until his exit? The verse states: “Until he comes out.”

״וכפר בעדו ובעד ביתו ובעד כל קהל ישראל״, כפרתו קודמת לכפרת ביתו, כפרת ביתו קודמת לכפרת אחיו הכהנים, וכפרת אחיו הכהנים קודמת לכפרת כל קהל ישראל.

The baraita concludes by expounding the final part of the verse: “And have made atonement for himself, and for his household, and for all the assembly of Israel” (Leviticus 16:17). This teaches that his atonement precedes the atonement of his household; the atonement of his household precedes that atonement of his brothers, the priests; the atonement of his brothers, the priests, precedes the atonement of the entire community of Israel.