Yoma 20A

״לפתח חטאת רובץ״. ושטן מאי אמר? אמר ליה: שטן ביומא דכיפורי ⁠— לית ליה רשותא לאסטוני. ממאי? אמר רמי בר חמא: ״השטן״ בגמטריא תלת מאה ושיתין וארבעה הוי. תלת מאה ושיתין וארבעה יומי ⁠— אית ליה רשותא לאסטוני. ביומא דכיפורי ⁠— לית ליה רשותא לאסטוני.

“Sin lies in waiting at the door” (Genesis 4:7), and it is no wonder that men sin. He asked him: And what did Satan the prosecutor say about their sinning? Elijah said to him: Satan, on Yom Kippur, has no license to prosecute. From where is that idea derived? Rami bar Ḥama said: The numerological value of the letters that constitute the word HaSatan is 364: Heh has a value of 5, sin has a value of 300, tet has a value of 9, and nun has a value of 50. 364 days of the solar year, which is 365 days long, Satan has license to prosecute. On the remaining day, Yom Kippur, he has no license to prosecute. Since that day is exalted above all others, there is no room for the accusations of Satan.

מתני׳ בכל יום תורמין את המזבח בקריאת הגבר או סמוך לו, בין לפניו בין לאחריו, וביום הכפורים מחצות, וברגלים מאשמורה הראשונה. ולא היתה קריאת הגבר מגעת עד שהיתה עזרה מלאה מישראל.

Mishnah: Every day the priests would remove the ashes from the altar and place them on the east side of the ramp at the crow of the rooster or adjacent to it, whether before it or after it, as there was no insistence on a precise time. And on Yom Kippur they would remove the ashes earlier, from midnight onward. And on the Festivals, the ashes were removed even earlier, at the end of the 1st watch. And the call of the rooster would not arrive on Festivals until the Temple courtyard was full with the Jewish people who vowed to bring offerings and would fulfill their obligations on the Festivals. Those offerings were sacrificed immediately following the daily offering.