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Text Excerpt
ולא בעבודה זרה, אלא על דבר שחייבין על זדונו כרת ושגגתו חטאת. ותנן נמי: כל מצוה שבתורה שחייבין על זדונו כרת ועל שגגתו חטאת, יחיד — מביא כשבה או שעירה, נשיא — מביא שעיר, משיח ובית דין — מביאין פר.
And a community brings a bull for an unwitting communal sin for idolatrous worship only if the act of idolatry involved a matter that for its intentional violation one is liable to receive karet and for its unwitting violation one is liable to bring a sin-offering. And we also learned in a Mishnah: With regard to any mitzva in the Torah for whose intentional violation one is liable to receive karet and for its unwitting violation one is liable to bring a sin-offering, if a private individual sinned unwittingly, he brings a ewe or a she-goat. If it was a Nasi, he brings a goat for a sin of this kind, and if the sinner was an anointed High Priest or the court, they bring a bull.
ובעבודה זרה, יחיד נשיא ומשיח — מביאין שעירה, צבור — מביאים פר ושעיר, פר לעולה ושעיר לחטאת. מנא הני מילי?
And if they unwittingly sinned in a matter involving idolatrous worship, a private individual, a Nasi, and an anointed High Priest bring a she-goat, whereas a community brings a bull and a goat, the bull as a burnt-offering and the goat as a sin-offering. The Talmud asks: From where are these matters, that one must bring a sin-offering for this transgression, derived?
דתנו רבנן: ״ונודעה החטאת אשר חטאו עליה״, רבי אומר: נאמר כאן ״עליה״, ונאמר להלן ״עליה״. מה להלן דבר שחייבים על זדונו כרת ועל שגגתו חטאת, אף כאן דבר שחייבין על זדונו כרת ועל שגגתו חטאת.
The Talmud answers: As A baraita states with regard to an unwitting communal sin offering: “And the sin by which they have sinned is known” (Leviticus 4:14). R' Yehuda HaNasi says: It is stated here, with regard to a sin-offering: “By which [aleha],” and it is stated there, with regard to the prohibition with regard to a wife’s sister: “to [aleha].” This teaches by verbal analogy: Just as there, in the case of a wife’s sister, it is a matter that for its intentional violation one is liable to receive karet and for its unwitting violation one is liable to bring a sin-offering, so too here, the offering is brought for a matter that for its intentional violation one is liable to receive karet and for its unwitting violation one is liable to bring a sin-offering.