Yevamot 48B

רבי אליעזר אומר: ״אביה״⁠ — אביה ממש, ״אמה״⁠ — אמה ממש. רבי עקיבא אומר: ״אביה ואמה״⁠ — זו עבודה זרה. וכן הוא אומר: ״אומרים לעץ אבי אתה וגו׳״.

R' Eliezer says: “Her father” means her actual father and “her mother” means her actual mother. R' Akiva says: Her father and her mother; this is referring to the idolatrous deity that she had worshiped but will no longer be able to worship, and so it says: “They say to a tree: You are my father, and to a stone: You have given birth to us” (Jeremiah 2:27).

״ירח ימים״⁠ — ירח שלשים יום. רבי שמעון בן אלעזר אומר, תשעים יום: ״ירח״⁠ — שלשים, ״ימים״⁠ — שלשים, ״ואחר כן״⁠ — שלשים.

The verses states: “A month of days and after that you may come to her” (Deuteronomy 21:13). This means a 30-day month. R' Shimon ben Elazar says: She must wait 90 days. This is derived as follows: The phrase “a month” connotes 30 days; the word “days” adds another 30 days; and the words “after that” indicate another period equal to one previously mentioned, i.e., a further 30 days.

מתקיף לה רבינא: אימא: ״ירח״⁠ — שלשים, ״ימים״⁠ — שלשים, ״ואחר כן״⁠ — כי הני? קשיא.

Ravina strongly objects to this: If the words “after that” indicate another period equal to one previously mentioned, then one should say: The phrase “a month” connotes 30 days; the word “days” adds another 30 days; and then the words “after that” add another period which is equal to the total sum of all those days she has already waited, i.e., an additional 60 days. The Talmud concedes: Indeed, this is difficult.

תנו רבנן: מקיימין עבדים שאינם מלין, דברי רבי ישמעאל. רבי עקיבא אומר: אין מקיימין. אמר לו רבי ישמעאל, הרי הוא אומר: ״וינפש בן אמתך״! אמר לו: בלוקח עבד בין השמשות ולא הספיק למולו הכתוב מדבר.

§ A baraita states: One may maintain slaves that are not circumcised under one’s control; this is the statement of R' Yishmael. R' Akiva says: One may not maintain such slaves, even for a moment. R' Yishmael said to him: But it says with regard to Shabbat: “And the son of your female slave will be refreshed” (Exodus 23:12). The verse prohibits a Jewish master from allowing his slave to perform labor on Shabbat. The Talmud will explain that this is referring to an uncircumcised slave. It is therefore apparent that it is permitted to keep such a slave. R' Akiva said to him: The verse speaks of one who purchases a slave at twilight on Friday and therefore does not have the opportunity to circumcise him before the onset of Shabbat.