Study Temurah folio 15A with parallel Hebrew-English text, traditional commentary, and modern study tools. Free access to Babylonian Talmud online.
Text Excerpt
עשר שנים מלך שמואל בעצמו, שנה אחת שמלך שאול ושמואל, ושתים שמלך שאול בעצמו, ושלשים ושבע שמלך דוד.
There were 10 years during which Samuel reigned alone, from the death of Eli until the coronation of Saul, and one year that Saul reigned and Samuel was still alive, i.e., Saul reigned for one year during the lifetime of Samuel, and two years that Saul reigned by himself, i.e., after the death of Samuel. In addition, there were 37 years during which David ruled, first in Hebron, and later in Jerusalem. This amounts to a total of 40 years from when the Jewish people had first requested a king, and Absalom felt it was now his time to rule over the Jewish people.
מתני׳ חטאת היחיד שכפרו בעליה — מתה, ושל צבור — אינה מתה.
Mishnah: There is a halakha transmitted to Moses from Sinai that there are 5 sin offerings that are unfit for sacrifice on the altar and have no remedy and are therefore left to die. They are: The offspring of a sin offering; the substitute for a sin offering; a sin offering whose owner died; a sin offering whose owner achieved atonement with another sin offering, when the original sin offering was lost or stolen and later recovered; and a sin offering whose year has passed. The Mishnah continues the discussion of the distinction between individual and communal offerings. An individual sin offering whose owner achieved atonement with another sin offering after it was lost is left to die, but in the case of a communal sin offering it is not left to die.
רבי יהודה אומר: תמות. רבי שמעון אומר: מה מצינו בולד חטאת, ובתמורת חטאת, ובחטאת שמתו בעליה — דברים אמורים ביחיד ולא בצבור, אף שכפרו בעליה ועיברה שנתה — ביחיד דברים אמורים ולא בציבור.
R' Yehuda says: Even a communal sin offering should be left to die. R' Shimon says: Just as we found with regard to the offspring of a sin offering, and with regard to the substitute for a sin offering, and with regard to a sin offering whose owner died, that these matters apply to an individual sin offering and not to a communal sin offering, so too, in the cases of a sin offering whose owner achieved atonement with another sin offering, and a sin offering whose first year has passed, the matters are stated with regard to an individual sin offering, and not with regard to a communal sin offering.