Study Shevuot folio 10A with parallel Hebrew-English text, traditional commentary, and modern study tools. Free access to Babylonian Talmud online.
Text Excerpt
ואיתקוש שעירי הרגלים לשעירי ראשי חדשים; מה שעיר דראש חודש במילתא דקודש מכפרי, אף שעירי רגלים במילתא דקודש מכפרי.
And through this additional “and,” the goats of the Festivals are juxtaposed with the goats of the New Moons, indicating that just as the goats of the New Moons atone for a case involving sacrificial food, i.e., where a ritually pure person partook of ritually impure sacrificial food, so too, the goats of the Festivals atone for a similar case involving sacrificial food, i.e., where a ritually impure person partook of ritually pure sacrificial food.
וכי תימא ניכפרו אדראש חדש – הא אמרינן: ״אותה״ – אותה נושא עון, ואין אחר נושא עון.
And if you would say: Let the goats of the Festivals atone for that which the goats of Rosh Chodesh are sacrificed, that is not possible. Didn’t we say above that the verse states with regard to the goat of Rosh Chodesh: “And He gave it to you to bear the sin of the congregation,” which indicates that it bears, i.e., atones for, that sin but another does not bear that sin?
וכי תימא ניכפרו אדיום הכפורים – הא אמרינן: ״אחת בשנה״ – כפרה זו לא תהא אלא אחת בשנה.
And if you would say: Let the goats of the Festivals atone for that which the goat of Yom Kippur is brought, that is not possible. Didn’t we say above that the verse states with regard to the goat of Yom Kippur: “Aaron should bring atonement upon its corners once a year” (Exodus 30:10)? The emphasis on “once a year” teaches that this atonement for this case should be only once a year.
אמאי מכפרי?
The Talmud explains: It must be that the goats of the Festivals atone for cases of defiling of the Temple or its sacrificial foods in which one did not have awareness, neither at the beginning nor at the end, because if not, for what other matter involving sacrificial foods could they atone?