Shabbat 87A

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Text Excerpt

בתלתא אמר להו מצות הגבלה; בארבעה עבוד פרישה. ורבנן סברי ⁠— בתרי בשבא איקבע ירחא, בתרי בשבא לא אמר להו ולא מידי משום חולשא דאורחא; בתלתא אמר להו: ״ואתם תהיו לי״; בארבעה אמר להו מצות הגבלה; בחמשא עבוד פרישה. מיתיבי: ״וקדשתם היום ומחר״, קשיא לרבי יוסי!

On the 3rd day of the week, God said to them the mitzva of setting boundaries around Mount Sinai. On the 4th day of the week, the husbands and wives separated from one another. And the Rabbis hold: On the 2nd day of the week Rosh Chodesh was established, and on the 2nd day of the week God did not say anything to them due to the weariness caused by their journey. On the 3rd day of the week, God said to them: “And you should be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation; these are the words that you should speak to the children of Israel” (Exodus 19:6). On the 4th day of the week, God said to them the mitzva of setting boundaries around Mount Sinai. On the 5th day of the week, the husbands and wives separated from one another. The Talmud raises an objection: Doesn’t the verse state: “And YHWH said to Moses: Go to the people and sanctify them today and tomorrow and let them wash their garments” (Exodus 19:10), indicating that the husbands and wives were separated for only two days? This is difficult according to the opinion of R' Yosei, who said earlier that the separation was for 3 days.

אמר לך רבי יוסי: יום אחד הוסיף משה מדעתו. דתניא: שלשה דברים עשה משה מדעתו, והסכים הקדוש ברוך הוא עמו. הוסיף יום אחד מדעתו, ופירש מן האשה, ושבר את הלוחות.

The Talmud answers: R' Yosei could have said to you: Moses added one day to the number of days that God commanded based on his own perception, as it was taught in a baraita: Moses did 3 things based on his own perception, and God agreed with him. He added one day to the days of separation before the revelation at Sinai based on his own perception. And he totally separated from his wife after the revelation at Sinai. And he broke the tablets following the sin of the Golden Calf.

Text data via Sefaria: William Davidson Edition - English and William Davidson Edition - Vocalized Aramaic, CC-BY-NC; edition provenance: Koren. Display terminology has been modernized for readability.