Shabbat 84A

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Text Excerpt

ולחנניא טילטול על ידי שוורים שמיה טילטול? אין דתנן: שלש עגלות הן. עשויה כקתידרא ⁠— טמאה מדרס. כמטה ⁠— טמאה טמא מת. של אבנים ⁠— טהורה מכלום. ואמר רבי יוחנן: ואם יש בה בית קבול רמונים, טמאה טמא מת.

And according to Ḥananya, who holds that a boat carried both full and empty can become ritually impure, is carrying by oxen considered carrying? He answered his own question. Yes, as we learned in a Mishnah: In terms of the halakhot of ritual purity and impurity, there are 3 distinct types of wagons: A wagon built like a chair, meaning closed on the sides, can become ritually impure with impurity imparted by treading. Since it is designated for sitting, it becomes impure if a zav sits on it, even if he does not touch it. A wagon built like a bed can become ritually impure with impurity imparted by a corpse. It contracts all types of impurity, except for impurity imparted by the treading of a zav. A wagon made of stone, whose bottom is netting, remains ritually pure and does not become impure from any type of impurity. And R' Yoḥanan said: And if in the stone wagon there is a receptacle for pomegranates, i.e., the holes are not large enough for a pomegranate to fall through, it is considered a utensil and it can become impure with impurity imparted by a corpse. Even though a stone wagon is not carried full, but is pulled by oxen, it can become ritually impure. Apparently, carrying by oxen is considered carrying.

שלש תיבות הן: תיבה שפתחה מצדה ⁠— טמאה מדרס. מלמעלה ⁠— טמאה טמא מת. והבאה במדה, טהורה מכלום.

By association, the Talmud now cites the second part of the Mishnah: With regard to laws of impurity, there are 3 types of chests: A chest that opens from the side, on which one can sit or lie, because it can be used for sitting, it can become ritually impure with impurity imparted by treading if a zav sits on it. Even if one needs to open the chest, a person can keep sitting on it. A chest that opens from the top does not become ritually impure with impurity imparted by treading because it cannot be opened with somebody on it. However, it can become impure with impurity imparted by a corpse. And a chest that comes in a very large size, and can hold more than 40 se’a, remains ritually pure and does not become impure from any type of impurity.

Text data via Sefaria: William Davidson Edition - English and William Davidson Edition - Vocalized Aramaic, CC-BY-NC; edition provenance: Koren. Display terminology has been modernized for readability.