Sanhedrin 45A

גמ׳ תנו רבנן: האיש מכסין אותו פרק אחד מלפניו, ואשה שני פרקים ⁠– בין מלפניה בין מלאחריה, מפני שכולה ערוה. דברי רבי יהודה. וחכמים אומרים: האיש נסקל ערום, ואין האשה נסקלת ערומה.

Talmud: The Mishnah teaches that a man is stoned naked but a woman is not stoned naked. With regard to this matter A baraita states a related baraita: They cover a man’s genitals with one piece of cloth in the front, and a woman is covered with two pieces of cloth, both in the front and in the back, because all of that area is nakedness, which may not be viewed. This is the statement of R' Yehuda. But the Rabbis say: A man is stoned naked, but a woman is not stoned naked.

מאי טעמייהו דרבנן? אמר קרא: ״ורגמו אתו״. מאי ״אותו״?

The Talmud asks: What is the reasoning behind the opinion of the Rabbis, who say that a man is stoned naked, but a woman is not? The Talmud answers: The verse states: “And all the congregation should stone him” (Leviticus 24:14). What does the verse intend to teach when it emphasizes that they stone “him”?

אילימא אותו ולא אותה, והכתיב: ״והוצאת את האיש ההוא או את האשה ההיא״? אלא מאי ״אותו״? אותו בלא כסותו, הא אותה בכסותה. רבי יהודה אומר: אותו בלא כסותו, לא שנא איש ולא שנא אשה.

If we say that this serves to teach that they stone only him, the man, but not her, i.e., women are not punished with stoning, there is a difficulty. As isn’t it written explicitly: “And you should bring forth that man or that woman…and stone them with stones until they die” (Deuteronomy 17:5)? Rather, what does the verse mean to teach when it stresses that they stone “him”? If he is a man, they stone just him, without his clothes, but if the condemned party is a woman, they stone her with her clothing. R' Yehuda says: The emphasis on the word “him” teaches that they stone him alone, i.e., without his clothes, but as is the case with all other punishments stated in the Torah, there is no difference for a man and no difference for a woman, meaning the same halakha applies to both men and women.