Sanhedrin 11A

במזומנין לה. מעשה ברבן גמליאל שאמר: השכימו לי שבעה לעלייה. השכים ומצא שמונה. אמר: מי הוא שעלה שלא ברשות? ירד!

by those who were invited by the Nasi, the president of the Great Sanhedrin, for that purpose. There was an incident involving Rabban Gamliel, who said to the rabbis: Bring me 7 of the rabbis early tomorrow morning to the loft designated for convening a court to intercalate the year. He went to the loft early the next morning and found 8 rabbis there. Rabban Gamliel said: Who is it who ascended to the loft without permission? He must descend immediately.

עמד שמואל הקטן ואמר: אני הוא שעליתי שלא ברשות, ולא לעבר השנה עליתי אלא ללמוד הלכה למעשה הוצרכתי. אמר לו: שב בני, שב. ראויות כל השנים כולן להתעבר על ידך, אלא אמרו חכמים: אין מעברין את השנה אלא במזומנין לה. ולא שמואל הקטן הוה, אלא איניש אחרינא, ומחמת כיסופא הוא דעבד.

Shmuel HaKatan stood up and said: I am he who ascended without permission; and I did not ascend to participate and be one of those to intercalate the year, but rather I needed to observe in order to learn the practical halakha. Rabban Gamliel said to him: Sit, my son, sit. It would be fitting for all of the years to be intercalated by you, as you are truly worthy. But the rabbis said: The year may be intercalated only by those who were invited for that purpose. The Talmud notes: And it was not actually Shmuel HaKatan who had come uninvited, but another person. And due to the embarrassment of the other, Shmuel HaKatan did this, so that no one would know who had come uninvited.

כי הא דיתיב רבי וקא דריש, והריח ריח שום. אמר: מי שאכל שום יצא. עמד רבי חייא ויצא. עמדו כולן ויצאו. בשחר מצאו רבי שמעון ברבי לרבי חייא. אמר ליה: אתה הוא שציערת לאבא? אמר לו: לא תהא כזאת בישראל!

The Talmud relates that the story about Shmuel HaKatan is similar to an incident that occurred when R' Yehuda HaNasi was sitting and teaching, and he smelled the odor of garlic. R' Yehuda HaNasi was very sensitive and could not tolerate this odor. He said: Whoever ate garlic should leave. R' Ḥiyya stood up and left. Out of respect for R' Ḥiyya, all of those in attendance stood up and left. The next day, in the morning, R' Shimon, son of R' Yehuda HaNasi, found R' Ḥiyya, and he said to him: Are you the one who disturbed my father by coming to the lecture with the foul smell of garlic? R' Ḥiyya said to him: There should not be such behavior among the Jewish people. I would not do such a thing, but I assumed the blame and left so that the one who did so would not be embarrassed.