Rosh Hashanah 5A

מה חג המצות טעון לינה ⁠— אף חג הסוכות טעון לינה.

Just as the festival of Passover requires remaining overnight in Jerusalem, and only on the following day may one return home, so too, the festival of Sukkot requires remaining overnight in Jerusalem before returning home.

והתם מנלן? דכתיב: ״ופנית בבקר והלכת לאהליך״.

The Talmud asks: And there, with regard to Passover, from where do we derive this halakha? The Talmud explains: As it is written about the Paschal offering: “And you should roast and eat it in the place which YHWH your God should choose; and you should turn in the morning, and go to your tents” (Deuteronomy 16:7).

ותנא קמא ורבי שמעון (בן אלעזר) ⁠— תשלומין לעצרת מנא להו?

The Talmud asks: And the first tanna of the baraita and R' Shimon, who learn from the verse: “On the festival of Passover, and on the festival of Shavuot, and on the festival of Sukkot” (Deuteronomy 16:16), that one transgresses the prohibition against delaying only after 3 Festivals have passed, from where do they derive the halakha that the Shavuot offering has redress for 7 days?

נפקא להו מדתני רבה בר שמואל. דתני רבה בר שמואל: אמרה תורה מנה ימים וקדש חדש, מנה ימים וקדש עצרת. מה חדש למנויו ⁠— אף עצרת למנויו.

The Talmud answers: They derive it from that which Rabba bar Shmuel taught, as Rabba bar Shmuel taught: The Torah states to count the days, as it is stated: “A month of days” (Numbers 11:20), and then sanctify a new month with offerings. And the Torah also said to count the days from Passover, as it is stated: “You should count 50 days” (Leviticus 23:16), and then sanctify the festival of Shavuot with offerings. Just as the new month is sanctified for the unit of time by which it is counted, i.e., for one day, so too, Shavuot is sanctified for the unit of time by which it is counted, i.e., for one full week, as it is stated: “7 complete weeks should there be” (Leviticus 23:15).