אינו דין שיום אחד עולה בתחלתה?
is it not right that one day should count as a full year at the beginning of the year?
Study Rosh Hashanah folio 10B with parallel Hebrew-English text, traditional commentary, and modern study tools. Free access to Babylonian Talmud online.
אינו דין שיום אחד עולה בתחלתה?
is it not right that one day should count as a full year at the beginning of the year?
ואלא מאי — רבי אלעזר? שלשים ושלשים בעי! דתנן: אין נוטעין ואין מבריכין ואין מרכיבין ערב שביעית פחות משלשים יום לפני ראש השנה, ואם נטע והבריך והרכיב — יעקור, דברי רבי אלעזר. רבי יהודה אומר: כל הרכבה שאינה קולטת בשלשה ימים — שוב אינה קולטת. רבי יוסי ורבי שמעון אומרים: שתי שבתות.
Rather, what opinion does it follow? If the baraita was not taught in accordance with the opinion of R' Meir, does it follow the opinion of R' Elazar, who holds that only 30 days are considered like a year? If so, then 30 days and another 30 days are required: 30 days for the planting to take root, and another 30 days to count as a year. As we learned in a Mishnah: One may not plant, layer, or graft trees on the eve of the Sabbatical Year less than 30 days before Rosh HaShana, and if one planted, layered, or grafted, he must uproot it, as the planting will take root only in the 7th year; this is the statement of R' Elazar. R' Yehuda says: Any grafting that does not take root within 3 days will never take root. R' Yosei and R' Shimon say: Two weeks are needed for the planting to take root.
ואמר רב נחמן אמר רבה בר אבוה: לדברי האומר שלשים — צריך שלשים ושלשים, לדברי האומר שלשה — צריך שלשה ושלשים, לדברי האומר שתי שבתות — צריך שתי שבתות ושלשים יום. ואי נמי, כרבי יהודה סבירא ליה — שלשה ושלשים בעי!
And on this topic Rav Naḥman said that Rabba bar Avuh said: According to the statement of the one who says 30 days, this means that it requires 30 days for the planting to take root and another 30 days to count as a year. And according to the statement of the one who says 3 days, this means that it requires 33 days. And according to the statement of the one who says two weeks, this means that it requires two weeks for the planting to take root and another 30 days to count as a year. And if the tanna of the Mishnah holds in accordance with the opinion of R' Yehuda that only 3 days are needed for the planting to take root, it still requires 3 days for the planting to take root and 30 days to count as a year. If so, the baraita cannot be understood even in accordance with the opinion of R' Elazar.
Text data via Sefaria: William Davidson Edition - English and William Davidson Edition - Vocalized Aramaic, CC-BY-NC; edition provenance: Koren. Display terminology has been modernized for readability.