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Text Excerpt
מתני׳ ואלו ירקות שאדם יוצא בהן ידי חובתו בפסח: בחזרת, בתמכא, ובחרחבינא ובעולשין ובמרור. יוצאין בהן בין לחין בין יבשין, אבל לא כבושין ולא שלוקין ולא מבושלין.
Mishnah: And these are the vegetables with which a person can fulfill his obligation to eat bitter herbs on Passover: One can fulfill his obligation with ḥazeret, with chervil [tamkha], and with field eryngo [ḥarḥavina], and with endives [olashin], and with maror. One fulfills his obligation with them whether they are fresh or whether they are dry. However, one does not fulfill his obligation if they are pickled in water or vinegar, nor if they are over-boiled [shaluk] in hot water, nor if they are boiled [mevushal].
ומצטרפין לכזית, ויוצאין בקלח שלהן. ובדמאי, ובמעשר ראשון שנטלה תרומתו, ומעשר שני והקדש שנפדו.
The Mishnah adds: And all these different types of vegetables join together to the measure of an olive-bulk, i.e., it is not necessary to eat this amount from one specific type of vegetable. And one fulfills his obligation by eating their stalk, as it is not necessary to eat the leaves. And one fulfills the obligation with doubtfully tithed produce, with first-tithe produce whose teruma has been taken and given to a priest, and with both second-tithe produce and consecrated property that were redeemed.
גמ׳ חזרת — חסא. עולשין — הינדבי. תמכא, אמר רבה בר בר חנה: תמכתא שמה. חרחבינא, אמר רבי שמעון בן לקיש: אצוותא דדיקלא. ובמרור — מרירתא.
Talmud: The Talmud identifies the plants mentioned by the Mishnah by their Aramaic names. Ḥazeret is lettuce. Olashin is called hindevi. With regard to tamkha, Rabba bar bar Ḥana said: It is called temakhta in Aramaic. As for ḥarḥavina, R' Shimon ben Lakish said: This is the plant that grows around the palm tree. The Mishnah taught: And with maror. The Talmud explains: This is a plant called merirata.
תני בר קפרא, אלו ירקות שאדם יוצא בהן ידי חובתו בפסח: בעולשין, ובתמכא, בחרחלין, בחרחבינין, ובחזרין. רב יהודה אומר: אף עולשי שדה ועולשי גינה וחזרת.
Bar Kappara teaches: These are the vegetables with which a person can fulfill his obligation to eat bitter herbs on Passover: With endives, chervil, ḥarḥallin, field eryngo, and ḥazeret. Rav Yehuda says: Also wild endives, garden endives, and ḥazeret.