Makkot 8B

״טמא יהיה״⁠ – מכל מקום.

“He should be impure” (Numbers 19:13), indicating that the same halakhot apply in any case, unrelated to the manner in which he became impure.

ההוא מיבעי ליה לכדתניא: ״טמא יהיה״⁠ – לרבות טבול יום, ״טומאתו בו״⁠ – לרבות מחוסר כיפורים! אמר ליה: אנא מ״עוד טומאתו״ קא אמינא.

The Talmud challenges: He requires that verse for a different derivation, as that which is taught in a baraita: The phrase “He should be impure” serves to include one who immersed that day and whose purification process will be completed at nightfall. If he enters the Temple before nightfall, he is also liable to receive karet. The phrase later in that verse: “His impurity is upon him,” serves to include one who has not yet brought an atonement offering to complete the purification process, e.g., a metzora or a zav. Rava said to Ravina: I said that the halakha that one rendered impure by a met mitzva is liable to receive karet is derived from the extraneous term “yet,” in the phrase later in that same verse: “His impurity is yet upon him,” which indicates that one is liable for entering the Temple in a state of impurity regardless of the manner in which he became impure. That is one version of the discussion.

איכא דמתני לה אהא: ״בחריש ובקציר תשבת״, רבי עקיבא אומר: אינו צריך לומר חריש של שביעית וקציר של שביעית, שהרי כבר נאמר ״שדך לא תזרע וכרמך לא תזמר״, אלא אפילו חריש של ערב שביעית שנכנס לשביעית, וקציר של שביעית שיצא למוצאי שביעית.

Some teach this exchange with regard to this baraita: “In plowing and in harvest you should rest” (Exodus 34:21). R' Akiva says: This verse is referring to the Sabbatical Year. The Torah does not need to state the prohibition against plowing during the Sabbatical Year or harvesting during the Sabbatical Year, as it is already stated: “You should neither sow your field, nor prune your vineyard” (Leviticus 25:4). What, then, is derived from this verse? Rather, it is derived that even plowing on the eve of the Sabbatical Year, which facilitates growth of crops when the Sabbatical Year enters, and the harvest of crops that grew during the Sabbatical Year, which emerged and were reaped after the conclusion of the Sabbatical Year, are prohibited.