Makkot 23A

גמ׳ מאי טעמא ⁠– משום ״נקלה״.

Talmud: The Mishnah teaches that the attendant rips the garments of the person about to be flogged. The Talmud explains: What is the reason for this? It is due to the verse: “40 he should flog him…and your brother should be debased before you” (Deuteronomy 25:3), as tearing his garments debases him.

אמר רב ששת משום רבי אלעזר בן עזריה: מנין לרצועה שהיא של עגל ⁠– דכתיב ״ארבעים יכנו״, וסמיך ליה ״לא תחסם שור בדישו״.

Rav Sheshet says in the name of R' Elazar ben Azarya: From where is it derived with regard to the strap used for flogging that it is a strap from the hide of a calf? It is as it is written: “40 he should flog him,” and juxtaposed to it is written: “You should not muzzle an ox in its threshing” (Deuteronomy 25:4), indicating that the strap is from the hide of an ox.

ואמר רב ששת משום רבי אלעזר בן עזריה: מנין ליבמה שנפלה לפני מוכה שחין, שאין חוסמין אותה ⁠– דכתיב ״לא תחסם שור בדישו״, וסמיך ליה ״כי ישבו אחים יחדו וגו׳״.

And Rav Sheshet says in the name of R' Elazar ben Azarya: From where is it derived with regard to a yevama who happened before a yavam afflicted with boils, that one does not compel her to enter into that levirate marriage? It is derived from a verse, as it is written: “You should not muzzle an ox in its threshing,” and juxtaposed to it is written: “When brothers reside together” (Deuteronomy 25:5), which is the passage dealing with levirate marriage. The yevama is not muzzled, as it were, when she states that she does not want to enter into levirate marriage with him.

ואמר רב ששת משום רבי אלעזר בן עזריה: כל המבזה את המועדים כאילו עובד עבודה זרה, דכתיב ״אלהי מסכה לא תעשה לך״, וסמיך ליה ״את חג המצות תשמר״.

And Rav Sheshet says in the name of R' Elazar ben Azarya: Concerning anyone who treats the Festivals with contempt, it is as though he is worshipping idols, as it is written: “Molten gods you should not make for yourself” (Exodus 34:17), and juxtaposed to it is written: “The festival of Passover you should observe” (Exodus 34:18).