Ketubot 38B

אימא: ״בתולה״⁠ — לגזירה שוה, ו״אשר לא אורסה״⁠ — פרט לנערה שנתארסה ונתגרשה!

Say to the contrary; the term “virgin,” written with regard to both rape and seduction, is to derive a verbal analogy, and not to exclude a non-virgin, and the phrase “Who was not betrothed” will be interpreted as R' Yosei HaGelili interpreted it, to exclude a young woman who was betrothed and divorced.

מסתברא ״אשר לא אורסה״ לגזירה שוה, שהרי אני קורא בה ״נערה בתולה״. אדרבה: ״בתולה״ לגזירה שוה, שהרי אני קורא בה ״אשר לא אורסה״! מסתברא: הא אישתני גופה, והא לא אישתני גופה.

The Talmud answers: It stands to reason that the phrase “Who was not betrothed” is utilized to derive a verbal analogy, and not to exclude one who was betrothed and divorced, as even after the divorce I can still read the phrase “A young woman who is a virgin” as applying to her. The Talmud asks: On the contrary, utilize the term virgin to derive a verbal analogy, as even if she is not a virgin, I can still read the phrase “Who was not betrothed” as applying to her. The Talmud answers: It stands to reason that the term “virgin” excludes a non-virgin, and the phrase “Who was not betrothed” is utilized to derive a verbal analogy, as this woman who had sex, her body changed, and that woman who was betrothed and divorced, her body did not change, and therefore her status with regard to the fine should similarly not change.

ורבי יוסי הגלילי האי סברא מנא ליה? נפקא ליה מדתניא: ״כסף ישקול כמוהר הבתולות״, שיהא זה כמוהר הבתולות, ומוהר הבתולות כזה.

The Talmud asks: And from where does R' Yosei HaGelili derive this conclusion with regard to the amount of the payment for seduction and the type of money used in the payment for rape? The Talmud responds: He derives it from that which was taught in a baraita that it is written with regard to seduction: “He should weigh money like the dowry of the virgins” (Exodus 22:16), from which it is derived that this fine for seduction will be like the dowry paid to the virgins elsewhere for rape, 50 silver coins, and the dowry paid to the virgins for rape will be like this fine for seduction in shekels.