Study Eruvin folio 38B with parallel Hebrew-English text, traditional commentary, and modern study tools. Free access to Babylonian Talmud online.
Text Excerpt
הרי זה חמר גמל.
This person is in the position of both a donkey driver, who must prod the animal from behind, and a camel driver, who must lead the animal from the front, i.e., he is pulled in two opposing directions. Since we are unsure whether the two days constitute one sanctity or two, he must act stringently as though the eiruv established for the 1st day is both effective and not effective for the 2nd day, i.e., he must restrict his Shabbat movement to those areas where he would be permitted to go in both cases.
רבן שמעון בן גמליאל ורבי ישמעאל בנו של רבי יוחנן בן ברוקה אומרים: עירב ברגליו בראשון — אין מערב ברגליו בשני, נאכל עירובו ביום ראשון — יוצא עליו בשני.
Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel and R' Yishmael, son of R' Yoḥanan ben Beroka, say: If he established an eiruv with his feet on the eve of the 1st day, he need not establish an eiruv with his feet on the eve of the 2nd day, as his eiruv remains effective for the 2nd day as well. Similarly, if he had made an eiruv by depositing food in the place where he wished to establish his residence, and his eiruv was eaten on the 1st day, he may still rely on it and go out beyond the limit permitted to the rest of the inhabitants of the town on the 2nd day, as the two days constitute one sanctity; from the outset, the eiruv acquired his place of rest for both days.
אמר רב: הלכה כארבעה זקנים הללו, ואליבא דרבי אליעזר דאמר שתי קדושות הן. ואלו הן ארבעה זקנים: רבן שמעון בן גמליאל ורבי ישמעאל ברבי יוחנן בן ברוקה ורבי אליעזר ברבי שמעון ורבי יוסי בר יהודה סתימתאה. ואיכא דאמרי: חד מינייהו רבי אלעזר, ומפיק רבי יוסי בר יהודה סתימתאה.
Rav said: The halakha is in accordance with the opinion of these 4 Elders and in accordance with the opinion of R' Eliezer, who said: When Shabbat and a Festival occur on consecutive days, they constitute two distinct sanctities. And these are the 4 Elders: Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel; R' Yishmael, son of R' Yoḥanan ben Beroka; R' Eliezer, son of R' Shimon; and R' Yosei bar Yehuda, the one whose opinions were often recorded as unattributed mishnayot. And there are those who say: One of them is R' Elazar, and remove from the list R' Yosei bar Yehuda, the one whose statements were often recorded as unattributed mishnayot.