Chagigah 4B

מפנקי, דכתיב: ״כי תבאו לראות פני מי בקש זאת מידכם רמוס חצרי״.

a delicate man, who cannot walk without shoes. As it is written: “When you come to appear before Me, who has required this at your hand, to trample My courts?” (Isaiah 1:12). Entering the Temple with shoes is described by the prophet as trampling, and therefore one who cannot enter barefoot is exempt from the mitzva of appearance.

תנא: הערל והטמא פטורין מן הראייה. בשלמא טמא ⁠— דכתיב: ״ובאת שמה״ ״והבאתם שמה״, כל שישנו בביאה ⁠— ישנו בהבאה, וכל שאינו בביאה ⁠— אינו בהבאה

It is taught: The uncircumcised and the ritually impure are exempt from the mitzva of appearance. The Talmud comments: Granted, a ritually impure person is exempt, as it is written: “And there you should come” (Deuteronomy 12:5), followed by: “And there you should bring” (Deuteronomy 12:6). The juxtaposition of these verses teaches: Anyone included in the mitzva of coming, i.e., anyone who may enter the Temple, is also included in the obligation of bringing offerings; and anyone not included in the mitzva of coming is not included in the obligation of bringing either. Since it is prohibited for a person who is ritually impure to enter the Temple, he is also exempt from the obligation to bring a burnt-offering of appearance.

אלא ערל מנלן? הא מני רבי עקיבא היא, דמרבי לערל כטמא. דתניא, רבי עקיבא אומר: ״איש איש״, לרבות את הערל.

However, with regard to the uncircumcised, from where do we derive that he is exempt? The Talmud answers: In accordance with whose opinion is this baraita? It is in accordance with the opinion of R' Akiva, who amplifies the halakha so that the uncircumcised is included in the same category as the ritually impure. As it is taught in a baraita: R' Akiva says, with regard to the verse: “Any man [ish ish] of the seed of Aaron that is a metzora or has an issue; he should not eat of the sacred things” (Leviticus 22:4), the double use of the term: “Ish,” comes to include the uncircumcised. Like the ritually impure, the uncircumcised may neither eat sacrificial meat nor bring offerings to the Temple.