Berakhot 15A

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Text Excerpt

יפנה, ויטול ידיו, ויניח תפילין, ויקרא קריאת שמע, ויתפלל, וזו היא מלכות שמים שלמה.

should relieve himself, wash his hands, don tefillin, recite Shema, and pray, and that is acceptance of the complete Kingdom of Heaven.

אמר רבי חייא בר אבא אמר רבי יוחנן: כל הנפנה, ונוטל ידיו, ומניח תפילין, וקורא קריאת שמע, ומתפלל ⁠— מעלה עליו הכתוב כאלו בנה מזבח והקריב עליו קרבן, דכתיב: ״ארחץ בנקיון כפי ואסובבה את מזבחך ה׳״. אמר ליה רבא: לא סבר לה מר כאילו טבל, דכתיב: ״ארחץ [בנקיון]״⁠ — ולא כתב ״ארחיץ [כפי]״.

On a similar note, R' Ḥiyya bar Abba said that R' Yoḥanan said: Anyone who relieves himself, washes his hands, dons tefillin, recites Shema, and prays, the verse ascribes credit to him as if he built an altar and offered a sacrifice upon it, as it is written: “I will wash in purity my hands, and I will encircle the altar of YHWH” (Psalms 26:6). Rava said to him: Do you not maintain, Master, that one who does so, it is as if he immersed his entire body, as it is written: “I will wash in purity,” and it is not written: “I will wash my hands”?

אמר ליה רבינא לרבא: חזי מר האי צורבא מרבנן דאתא ממערבא ואמר: מי שאין לו מים לרחוץ ידיו ⁠— מקנח ידיו בעפר ובצרור ובקסמית.

Ravina said to Rava: My Master, look at this Torah scholar [tzurva merabbanan] who came from Eretz Yisrael and said something astonishing: One who has no water with which to wash his hands, it is sufficient that he wipes his hands with earth, a rock, or a sliver of wood.

אמר ליה: שפיר קאמר, מי כתיב ״ארחץ במים״? ״בנקיון״ כתיב ⁠— כל מידי דמנקי, דהא רב חסדא לייט אמאן דמהדר אמיא בעידן צלותא.

Rava replied to Ravina: He spoke well, as, is it written: I will wash with water? In purity, is written referring to anything that cleans, as Rav Ḥisda would curse one who went out of his way to seek water at the time of prayer.

והני מילי לקריאת שמע, אבל לתפלה מהדר. ועד כמה? עד פרסה. והני מילי לקמיה, אבל לאחוריה ⁠— אפילו מיל אינו חוזר. [ומינה] מיל הוא דאינו חוזר, הא פחות ממיל ⁠— חוזר.

With regard to seeking water, the Talmud comments: This applies only to the recitation of Shema, as the time for its recitation is limited, and if one goes seeking water he may run out of time. However, for prayer, which may be recited all day, one must go out of his way to seek water. And how far must one go out of his way to seek water? As far as a parasang [parsa]. And this, one parsa, applies only before him but behind him, he need not return even one mil. From this one may infer that he need not return one mil, but one must return less than one mil.

Text data via Sefaria: William Davidson Edition - English and William Davidson Edition - Vocalized Aramaic, CC-BY-NC; edition provenance: Koren. Display terminology has been modernized for readability.