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Text Excerpt
גבי יום טוב, דסתם לן תנא כרבי יהודה, דתנן: אין מבקעין עצים מן הקורות ולא מן הקורה שנשברה ביום טוב — מוקים לה לבית הלל כרבי יהודה.
with regard to a Festival, the tanna taught us an unattributed Mishnah in accordance with the opinion of R' Yehuda (Shabbat 156b), as we learned in a Mishnah in this tractate: One may not chop wood on a Festival from beams prepared for use in construction work, nor may one chop kindling wood from a beam that broke on a Festival. As the beams were not prepared for this use when the Festival began, they are classified as muktze; this demonstrates that an unattributed Mishnah prohibits muktze on a Festival. Consequently, Rav Naḥman establishes the opinion of Beit Hillel in accordance with the opinion of R' Yehuda, who prohibits muktze. He does so by asserting that the Mishnah is referring to the case of a chicken designated for laying eggs, which is muktze. This concludes the Talmud’s explanation of Rav Naḥman’s rendering of the tannaitic dispute.
מכדי, מאן סתמיה למתניתין — רבי. מאי שנא בשבת דסתם לן כרבי שמעון, ומאי שנא ביום טוב דסתם לן כרבי יהודה?
The Talmud asks: Now since, i.e., consider the following: Who is the one who wrote and edited the Mishnah, and arranged the unattributed mishnayot? It was R' Yehuda HaNasi. Since the same Sage formulated the statements in both tractates, the question arises: What is different with regard to the halakhot of Shabbat, that he stated the unattributed opinion and ruled for us in accordance with the opinion of R' Shimon, and what is different with regard to the halakhot of a Festival, that he stated the unattributed opinion and ruled for us in accordance with the opinion of R' Yehuda?
אמרי: שבת דחמירא, ולא אתי לזלזולי בה — סתם לן כרבי שמעון דמיקל, יום טוב דקיל, ואתי לזלזולי ביה — סתם לן כרבי יהודה דמחמיר.
They answer and say: In the case of Shabbat, which is stringent with regard to its punishments (see 35b), and therefore people will not come to treat it with contempt, R' Yehuda HaNasi taught us the unattributed Mishnah in accordance with the opinion of R' Shimon, who rules leniently. Conversely, with regard to a Festival, which is lenient, as certain labors may be performed on a Festival, and therefore people will be more likely to come to treat it with contempt, he stated the unattributed opinion for us in accordance with the opinion of R' Yehuda, who rules stringently.