Bava Metzia 62A

״וחי אחיך עמך״. אהדר ליה כי היכי דניחי.

“And your brother should live with you” (Leviticus 25:36), from which it is derived: Return the interest to him so that he may live.

ורבי יוחנן, האי ״וחי אחיך עמך״ מאי עביד ליה? מבעי ליה לכדתניא: שנים שהיו מהלכין בדרך וביד אחד מהן קיתון של מים, אם שותין שניהם ⁠– מתים. ואם שותה אחד מהן ⁠– מגיע לישוב. דרש בן פטורא: מוטב שישתו שניהם וימותו, ואל יראה אחד מהם במיתתו של חבירו. עד שבא רבי עקיבא ולימד: ״וחי אחיך עמך״, חייך קודמים לחיי חבירך.

The Talmud asks: And R' Yoḥanan, what does he do with this verse: “And your brother should live with you”? The Talmud answers: He requires the verse for that which is taught in a baraita: If two people were walking on a desolate path and there was a jug [kiton] of water in the possession of one of them, and the situation was such that if both drink from the jug, both will die, as there is not enough water, but if only one of them drinks, he will reach a settled area, there is a dispute as to the halakha. Ben Petora taught: It is preferable that both of them drink and die, and let neither one of them see the death of the other. This was the accepted opinion until R' Akiva came and taught that the verse states: “And your brother should live with you,” indicating that your life takes precedence over the life of the other.

מיתיבי: הניח להם אביהם מעות של רבית, אף על פי שיודעים שהן של רבית ⁠– אינן חייבין להחזירן. הא אביהן חייב להחזיר!

The Talmud raises an objection from a baraita to the opinion that one is not obligated to return interest that he took: If their father bequeathed them money that he had collected as interest, even though his sons know that the money was collected as interest, they are not obligated to return the money. The Talmud infers: But this indicates that their father himself is obligated to return the money.