Study Bava Metzia folio 111B with parallel Hebrew-English text, traditional commentary, and modern study tools. Free access to Babylonian Talmud online.
Text Excerpt
״מאחיך״ – פרט לאחרים. ״גרך״ – זה גר צדק. ״בשעריך״ – זה אוכל נבילות.
The verse states: “You should not oppress a hired laborer who is poor and needy, whether he be from your brothers or from your stranger that is in your land within your gates” (Deuteronomy 24:14), which is interpreted as follows: The term “from your brothers” serves to exclude others, i.e., non-Jews, who are not your brothers. As for the term “your stranger,” this is referring to a righteous convert. As for the term “within your gates,” this is referring to a ger toshav who lives in Eretz Yisrael and eats unslaughtered animal carcasses because he has not accepted Judaism upon himself.
אין לי אלא שכר אדם, מנין לרבות בהמה וכלים? תלמוד לומר: ״בארצך״ – כל שבארצך. וכולן עוברים בכל השמות הללו.
I have derived only that the prohibitions of delaying wages apply to the hire of people. From where do I know to include payment for the rental of animals and utensils in the prohibition of delaying wages? The verse states: “In your land,” which includes all that is in your land. And in all of the above cases of delaying payment they transgress all of these prohibitions which apply to delaying payment.
מכאן אמרו: אחד שכר אדם ואחד שכר בהמה ואחד שכר כלים – יש בו משום ״ביומו תתן שכרו״, ויש בהן משום ״בל תלין פעלת שכיר״. רבי יוסי ברבי יהודה אומר: גר תושב יש בו משום ״ביומו תתן שכרו״, ואין בו משום ״לא תלין״. בהמה וכלים אין בהן אלא משום ״בל תעשק״ בלבד.
From here the rabbis stated: Whether referring to the hire of a person or the rental of an animal or the rental of utensils, all are subject to the prohibition of: “On the same day you should give him his wages” (Deuteronomy 24:15), and they are likewise subject to the prohibition of delaying the payment of wages of a hired laborer (Leviticus 19:13). R' Yosei, son of R' Yehuda, says: One who hires a ger toshav is subject to the prohibition of: “On the same day you should give him his wages,” but is not subject to the prohibition of delaying payment of wages, and the payment of rent of an animal or vessels is included only in the prohibition of: “Do not oppress” alone.