Bava Kamma 88A

דאפחתה מכספה; אבל פציעה ⁠– דלא אפחתה מכספה, לא קמיבעיא ליה!

by which he lowered her monetary value, diminishing the amount of money that her father will receive for her betrothal. But with regard to a wound, by which he did not lower her monetary value, R' Elazar did not even raise a dilemma.

אמר רבי יוסי בר חנינא: שפצעה בפניה, ואפחתה מכספה.

R' Yosei bar Ḥanina said: R' Yoḥanan is discussing a case where someone wounded her on her face, and he thereby lowered her monetary value, as this affects the amount of money that her father will receive for her betrothal.

החובל בעבד כנעני של אחרים ⁠– חייב וכו׳. מאי טעמא דרבי יהודה? אמר קרא: ״כי ינצו אנשים יחדו איש ואחיו״⁠ – במי שיש לו אחוה, יצא עבד שאין לו אחוה. ורבנן ⁠– אחיו הוא במצות.

§ The Mishnah teaches: One who injures a Canaanite slave belonging to others is liable for all of the 5 types of indemnity. R' Yehuda says: Canaanite slaves do not have humiliation, so one who injures a slave pays only the other 4 types of indemnity. What is the reasoning of R' Yehuda? The Talmud explains: The verse states with regard to the indemnity of humiliation: “When men strive together, a man and his brother” (Deuteronomy 25:11). The formulation “and his brother” teaches that the payment of compensation for humiliation is applicable with regard to someone who has a relationship of brotherhood with a Jew. This is excluding a Canaanite slave, who does not have a relationship of brotherhood with Jews. And the rabbis, who hold that a Canaanite slave is included in the halakhot of compensation for humiliation, maintain that he is the Jews’ brother with regard to the observance of mitzvot, as a Canaanite slave is obligated to observe most mitzvot.

אלא מעתה, לרבי יהודה ⁠– זוממי עבד לא יהרגו, דכתיב: ״ועשיתם לו כאשר זמם לעשות לאחיו״! אמר רבא אמר רב ששת, אמר קרא: ״ובערת הרע מקרבך״⁠ – מכל מקום.

The Talmud challenges: If that is so, then according to R' Yehuda, who holds that slaves are not in the category of brothers, conspiring witnesses who testify that a Canaanite slave committed a sin punishable by capital punishment should not be put to death by the court, as it is written: “You should do to him as he conspired to do to his brother” (Deuteronomy 19:19), and the slave is not considered a brother. Rava said that Rav Sheshet said: The same verse states with regard to conspiring witnesses: “And you should put away the evil from your midst,” indicating that the punishment for conspiring witnesses should be applied in any case, including when they testified about a slave.