Bava Kamma 83B

מתני׳ החובל בחבירו, חייב עליו משום חמשה דברים: בנזק, בצער, בריפוי, בשבת ובושת.

Mishnah: One who injures another is liable to pay compensation for that injury due to 5 types of indemnity: He must pay for damage, for pain, for medical costs, for loss of livelihood, and for humiliation.

בנזק כיצד? סימא את עינו; קטע את ידו; שיבר את רגלו ⁠– רואין אותו כאילו הוא עבד נמכר בשוק, ושמין כמה היה יפה וכמה הוא יפה.

How is payment for damage assessed? If one blinded another’s eye, severed his hand, broke his leg, or caused any other injury, the court views the injured party as though he were a slave being sold in the slave market, and the court appraises how much he was worth before the injury and how much he is worth after the injury. The difference between these two sums is the amount that one must pay for causing damage.

צער ⁠– כואו (או) בשפוד או במסמר, ואפילו על ציפורנו מקום שאינו עושה חבורה ⁠– אומדין כמה אדם כיוצא בזה רוצה ליטול, להיות מצטער כך.

How is payment for pain assessed? If one burned another with a skewer [beshapud] or with a hot nail, or even if one burned another on his fingernail, which is a place where he does not cause a bruise that would affect the victim’s value on the slave market, the court evaluates how much money a person with a similar threshold for pain as the victim is willing to take in order to be made to suffer in this way. The one who burned the victim must then pay this amount.

ריפוי ⁠– הכהו, חייב לרפאותו. עלה בו צמחים, אם מחמת המכה ⁠– חייב, שלא מחמת המכה ⁠– פטור. חייתה ונסתרה חייתה ונסתרה ⁠– חייב לרפאותו. חייתה כל צורכה ⁠– אינו חייב לרפאותו.

How is payment for medical costs assessed? If one struck another, then he is liable to heal him by paying for his medical costs. In a case where growths, e.g., blisters or rashes, appeared on the injured party, if the growths are due to the blow, the one who struck him is liable; if the growths are not due to the blow, the one who struck him is exempt. In a case where the wound healed, and then reopened, and again healed, and then reopened, the one who struck him remains liable to heal the injured party by paying for his medical costs, as it is apparent that the current wound resulted from the original injury. If the injury healed fully, the one who struck him is not liable to heal him by paying for any subsequent medical costs.