Bava Kamma 37A

אינן צריכין פרוזבול.

do not require a document that prevents the Sabbatical Year from abrogating an outstanding debt [prosbol] by transferring the right of collection to the court. The reason that orphans do not require this document is because the court is legally considered to be their steward, and their debts are therefore transferred to the court automatically, even without a prosbol.

וכן תני רמי בר חמא: היתומים אינן צריכין פרוזבול ⁠– רבן גמליאל ובית דינו אביהן של יתומין היו.

Similarly, Rami bar Ḥama taught: Orphans do not require a prosbol, as Rabban Gamliel and his court were tantamount to the fathers of orphans, as they were vigilant to collect all of the debts owed to orphans. Subsequently, the courts in every generation have this status.

חנן בישא תקע ליה לההוא גברא. אתא לקמיה דרב הונא, אמר ליה: זיל הב ליה פלגא דזוזא. הוה ליה זוזא מכא, בעי למיתבה ליה מיניה פלגא דזוזא, לא הוה משתקיל ליה. תקע ליה אחרינא, ויהביה נהליה.

The Talmud relates: Ḥanan the wicked slapped a certain man. He then came before Rav Huna for judgment. Rav Huna said to him: Go give him a half-dinar, which is the fine imposed for such an act. Ḥanan the wicked had a clipped dinar, and wanted to give him a half-dinar from it, but there was no one who wanted to take it from him to give him smaller coins for it. Ḥanan the wicked then gave him another slap, rendering himself liable to pay an additional fine of half a dinar, and gave him the clipped dinar as payment.

מתני׳ שור שהוא מועד למינו, ואינו מועד לשאינו מינו; מועד לאדם ואינו מועד לבהמה; מועד לקטנים ואינו מועד לגדולים; את שהוא מועד לו ⁠– משלם נזק שלם, ואת שאינו מועד לו ⁠– משלם חצי נזק.

Mishnah: With regard to an ox that is forewarned with regard to its own species, as it already gored other oxen 3 times, but is not forewarned with regard to other species; or an ox that is forewarned with regard to people, but is not forewarned with regard to animals; or one that is forewarned with regard to small specimens of a species, but is not forewarned with regard to large specimens of that species; in all these cases, if the ox gores the type of animal or person with regard to which it is forewarned, its owner pays the full cost of the damage, and if it gores an animal or person with regard to which it is not forewarned, he pays half the cost of the damage.