Bava Batra 25B

לאכסדרה הוא דומה, ורוח צפונית אינה מסובבת, וכיון שהגיעה חמה אצל קרן מערבית צפונית ⁠– נכפפת ועולה למעלה מן הרקיע. ורבי יהושע אומר: עולם לקובה הוא דומה, ורוח צפונית מסובבת, וכיון שחמה מגעת לקרן מערבית צפונית ⁠– מקפת וחוזרת אחורי כיפה;

is similar to a partially enclosed veranda [le’akhsadra], enclosed on 3 sides, and the northern side of the world is not enclosed with a partition like the other directions. The sun begins its revolution in the east and passes to the south and the west, and once the sun reaches the northwestern corner it turns around and ascends throughout the night above the sky to the east side and does not pass the north side. And R' Yehoshua says: The world is similar to a small tent [lekubba], and the north side is enclosed with a partition as well, but once the sun reaches the northwestern corner it emerges from this small tent, and circles and passes behind the dome, i.e., outside the northern partition, until it reaches the east.

שנאמר: ״הולך אל דרום, וסובב אל צפון וגו׳״; ״הולך אל דרום״⁠ – ביום. ״וסובב אל צפון״⁠ – בלילה. ״סובב סבב הולך הרוח ועל סביבתיו שב הרוח״⁠ – אלו פני מזרח ופני מערב, שפעמים מסבבתן ופעמים מהלכתן.

As it is stated: “The sun also rises and the sun goes down, and hastens to its place, where it rises again. It goes toward the south, and turns about to the north; round and round goes the wind, and on its circuits the wind returns” (Ecclesiastes 1:5–6). The verse is understood as describing the sun’s movements, as follows: “It goes toward the south” during the day, “and turns about to the north,” on the outside of the firmament, at night. “Round and round goes the wind [ruaḥ] and the wind returns again to its circuits”; as the word ruaḥ can also mean direction or side, R' Yehoshua explains that these are the face of the east and the face of the west. Sometimes, in the short winter days, the sun turns about them without being seen, and sometimes, in the long summer days, it traverses them visibly.