Bava Batra 116B

אגב חורפיה לא עיין בה.

The Talmud answers: Due to his keen mind, he did not analyze the Mishnah carefully.

בעי רמי בר חמא: אבי האב ואחיו ⁠– כגון אברהם ויעקב בנכסי עשו, איזה מהן קודם? אמר רבא, תא שמע: האב קודם לכל יוצאי יריכו. ורמי בר חמא ⁠– יוצאי יריכו שלו, ולא יוצאי יריכו של בנו.

Rami bar Ḥama raised a dilemma: With regard to the claim of a father of the deceased’s father and the claim of the deceased’s brother, such as the claims of Abraham and Jacob to the property of Esau, who was Abraham’s grandson and Jacob’s brother, which of them precedes the other and inherits the property? Rava said: Come and hear a proof from the Mishnah: A father precedes all of his descendants, therefore, Abraham would inherit, as Jacob was his descendant. The Talmud asks: And why did Rami bar Ḥama have a dilemma; presumably, he was aware of the statement of the Mishnah? The Talmud answers: Rami bar Ḥama understood that the Mishnah teaches that a father precedes only his own immediate descendants, but not the descendants of his son.

הכי נמי מסתברא, דקתני: זה הכלל, כל הקודם בנחלה ⁠– יוצאי יריכו קודמין; ואילו איתיה ליצחק ⁠– יצחק קודם, השתא נמי דליתיה יצחק ⁠– יעקב קודם; שמע מינה.

The Talmud notes that so too, it is reasonable to understand the Mishnah in that manner, as it teaches: This is the principle: Anyone who precedes another with regard to inheritance, his descendants precede the other as well. And if Isaac were alive, Isaac would precede Abraham and inherit Esau’s property. Now, also, when Isaac is not alive, Jacob should precede Abraham, because of the principle that the descendants of one who precedes another with regard to inheritance also precede the other. The Talmud affirms: Conclude from this clause of the Mishnah that the brother of the deceased precedes the grandfather.

מתני׳ בנות צלפחד נטלו שלשה חלקים בנחלה: חלק אביהן ⁠– שהיה עם יוצאי מצרים, וחלקו עם אחיו בנכסי חפר, ושהיה בכור נוטל שני חלקים.

Mishnah: Zelophehad’s daughters took 3 portions of land in the inheritance of Eretz Yisrael: Their father’s portion that he received because he was among those who left Egypt; and his portion that he received with his brothers in the property of Hepher, their father; and an additional portion that he received from Hepher because he was a firstborn, and a firstborn takes two portions of inheritance from his father.