Study Avodah Zarah folio 56A with parallel Hebrew-English text, traditional commentary, and modern study tools. Free access to Babylonian Talmud online.
Text Excerpt
ואין בוצרין עם ישראל שעושה פירותיו בטומאה, וכל שכן שאין דורכין, אבל בוצרין עם הנכרי בגת, שמותר לגרום טומאה לחולין שבארץ ישראל.
And one may not harvest grapes together with a Jew who produces wine from his fruit in a state of ritual impurity, as he is thereby causing the produce to be rendered impure. And all the more so may one not tread on the grapes with him, as he is assisting the Jew who is rendering the wine impure by treading on the grapes. But one may harvest grapes into the winepress together with the non-Jew, as it is permitted to impart impurity to non-sacred produce that is in Eretz Yisrael.
ואינו עושה יין נסך עד שירד לבור. והתניא: יין משיקפה!
§ The Mishnah teaches: And the non-Jew’s touch does not render the juice of the grapes into wine used for a libation until it descends into the collection vat, because until then it does not have the status of wine. The Talmud asks: But isn’t it taught in a Mishnah (Ma’asrot 1:7) with regard to the stage when the work of producing the wine is considered complete and one is obligated to separate tithes from the wine: With regard to wine, one is obligated to separate tithes from the time that the solid residue floats [misheyikpe] on top of the wine.
אמר רבא: לא קשיא, הא רבי עקיבא, הא רבנן, דתנן: יין משירד לבור, רבי עקיבא אומר: משיקפה.
Rava said: It is not difficult. That Mishnah is in accordance with the opinion of R' Akiva, whereas this Mishnah is in accordance with the opinion of the Rabbis. This is as we learned in a baraita: With regard to wine, one is obligated to separate tithes from the time that the wine descends into the collection vat. R' Akiva says: One is obligated to separate tithes only from the time that the solid residue floats on top of the wine.